This presentation outlines key cardiac etiologies contributing to embolic stroke and ischemia, emphasizing diagnostic imaging and clinical correlations. It highlights:
High-risk cardiac sources: atrial myxoma, atrial thrombus, apical myocardial infarction with mural thrombus, dilated cardiomyopathy with left ventricular thrombi, and mechanical prosthetic valves.
Imaging insights: Cardiac CT and MRI reveal structural abnormalities such as left atrial masses and thrombi, with cine SSFP sequences aiding in dynamic assessment.
Epidemiologic data: In patients without atrial fibrillation or cardiac history, cardiac CT identified potential embolic sources in 18.1% vs. 6.6% with TTE.
Clinical implications: Delayed resection of atrial myxoma increases embolic risk; minimally invasive approaches are discussed.
Case illustrations: Include ischemic stroke from apical thrombus and embolic infarcts in multiple vascular territories.
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